A joining process that induces plastic flow in the solid state below the melting point through frictional heat generated between a rotating tool and the base material, combined with stirring by the pin.
Minimal deformation after joining
Excellent joint strength and welding speed
Prevents defects such as porosity and cracks
No emission of environmentally harmful substances
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) vs. Arc Welding
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) vs. Arc Welding Comparison Table
Friction Stir Welding (FSW)
Category
Arc Welding
Applicable to non-ferrous metals (Al, Cu, Mg, Ti, etc.) and dissimilar materials
Application Range
Primarily for ferrous metals (Fe-based)
Excellent optimization and reproducibility (advantages of solid-state joining)
Quality Reproducibility
Reproducibility varies depending on operator skill and know-how
Eco-friendly process with minimal environmental impact
Environment
Presence of fumes, arc radiation, and hazardous substances
Higher initial cost but minimal ongoing consumable costs
Cost
High labor costs and continuous consumable expenses